桌面秘訣
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桌面秘訣

本章節包含有關使用及自訂桌面時一些秘訣細節。

當KDE 啟動時自動執行程式

  1. 要在KDE啟動時自動執行程式的最容易方法是使用KDE特設的Session Management。你可以精確地設定每次登入KDE時的所需的狀態。

  2. Choose K-MenuSystem SettingsSession Manager from the Advanced tab on the top and then under Advanced User Settings section. Click the Session Manager button on the right. Ensure that the Restore manually saved session checkbox is enabled.

  3. 你希望每次登入時均啟動選取的程式,只要確定所有設定是符合你的意願,然後選取K選單鎖定工作階段。每次當你啟動KDE時,就會執行這個設定。

  4. Another method to do this is to copy the desktop entry of the application you want to autostart from /usr/share/applications to the ~/.kde/Autostart directory.

當電腦啟動時自動登入KDE

當電腦啟動時動登入使用者是可行的,然而由於安全理由及其他使用者可能存取你的資料,因此不推薦使用於大部份電腦上。

  1. 打開K選單系統設定,進入系統設定,在進階標籤下選取登入管理員

  2. 點選管理員模式...,然後輸入你的密碼以取得管理權限。

  3. Select the Convenience tab. Check the Enable Autologin and select the user to autologin from the drop down menu and select an appropriate time delay.

重新啟動KDE而無需重新啟動電腦

  1. 儲存及關閉所有打開的程式。

  2. Ctrl+Alt+Backspace 來重新啟動KDE 或X-Windows。

  3. If Ctrl+Alt+Backspace is disabled, open Konsole by going to KMenuSystemKonsole - Terminal Program. At the command prompt type the following and press the Enter key (if asked for a password, type in your user password followed by the Enter key):

    sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart
    

    (參閱the section called “防止Ctrl-Alt-Backspace 快捷鍵來重新啟動X”以關閉 Ctrl+Alt+Backspace.)

防止Ctrl-Alt-Backspace 快捷鍵來重新啟動X

  1. Make a backup copy of your existing /etc/X11/xorg.conf file. To do so, open Konsole by going to KMenuSystemKonsole - Terminal Program. At the command prompt type the following and then press the Enter key (if asked for a password, type in your user password followed by the Enter key):

    sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
    

  2. 要打開/etc/X11/xorg.conf檔案及編輯,按Alt+F2 打開執行命令對話匣,輸入下列指令然後按OK鍵(假如問及密碼,就請輸入你的用戶密碼然後按OK鍵):

    kdesu kwrite /etc/X11/xorg.conf
    
  3. 在檔案完結位置加入下列行:

    Section	"ServerFlags"
    	Option	"DontZap"	"yes"
    EndSection
    
  4. 儲存所編輯的檔案及離開KWrite

  5. 改動將於你下次登入KDE時生效。假如你希望改動立即生效,請自行重新啟動KDE。(參閱 the section called “重新啟動KDE而無需重新啟動電腦”。)

手動開始程式

有時自行重新啟動程式是有好處的,例如當程式沒有列入選單內,要執行的容易方法是進入執行命令 對話匣。

  1. Alt+F2,打開 執行命令對話匣。

  2. 輸入你要執行的程式名稱,然後按OK 鍵。

當KDE啟動時自動開啟數字鍵

  1. K選單系統設定打開系統設定,在系統設定 視窗內選取鍵盤與滑鼠; 滑鼠選項。

  2. 鍵盤部份位置下,找尋子部份名為 在KDE啟動時打開數字鍵,點選開啟空格。然後點選變更 以儲存的你的設定。

變更將於下次登入KDE時生效。假如你希望測試設定,關閉數字鍵然後重新啟動KDE(參閱the section called “重新啟動KDE而無需重新啟動電腦”)。

Handle help:/ links in Firefox like Konqueror

Firefox是不預設安裝的,要使用Firefox你必須正確安裝安裝 Firefox。請參閱添加程式文件以取得更多有關安裝程式的資訊。

Konqueror is able to handle help:/ URLs by default. Firefox is also able to handle these the same way however it requires you to manually edit the configuration of Firefox to do so. The following procedure will aide you in such configuration.

  1. K選單互聯網Firefox網頁瀏覽器左方開始使用Firefox

  2. 在網址工具列輸入about:config然後按輸入鍵。

  3. Right click on the list and select NewBoolean. Type network.protocol-handler.external.help as the Preference Name and true as the Value. Press the OK button when complete.

  4. Right click again on the list and select NewString. Type network.protocol-handler.app.help as the Preference Name and khelpcenter as the Value. Press the OK button when complete.

編輯K選單

Kubuntu comes with the KDE Menu Editor, so you can customize your menus and add entries for applications that don't automatically appear after they are installed. To add, remove, or modify an entry, refer to the following procedure.

  1. Open KDE Menu Editor by right clicking on KMenu and choosing Menu Editor. If you have locked your Kicker, you can also open KDE Menu Editor by pressing Alt+F2 and typing kmenuedit followed by pressing the OK button.

  2. In KDE Menu Editor's left-hand pane, choose the submenu the new entry should appear in.

  3. Choose FileNew Item or press the New Item button. In the New Item window, choose a Name. Then add the Description, Comment, and Command. Select the icon by clicking on Icon. The Command will usually be the package name, Name is what will appear on the menu, and the Comment will appear in the tooltip that appears near the menu entry. Icons are chosen from /usr/share/icons/icon_theme directory by default, or can be chosen from anywhere in your files.

要更改選單上的程式次序,在KDE選單編輯工具視窗點選然後拖拉名單。

進階桌面Applets

SuperKaramba is a system for bringing mini programs (desklets) such as weather forecasts, news tickers, system information displays, or music player controls onto your desktop, where they are sitting there in a symbiotic relationship of eye candy and usefulness.

  1. 安裝superkaramba套件。要取得更多有關安裝額外程式的資訊,請參閱添加程式的文件。

  2. Once installed, open SuperKaramba by going to KMenuUtilitiesSuperKaramba.

To download extra applets for SuperKaramba you can either select the New Stuff... button in the main window or you can go to KDE-Look.org and select the Karamba link.

安裝額外字型

本章節說明如何從 Kubuntu 昔日檔中安裝額外字型。

  1. 要安裝international fonts,讓安裝下列套件(請參閱添加程式文件以取得有關安裝額外程式的幫助):


    xfonts-intl-arabic
    xfonts-intl-asian
    xfonts-intl-chinese
    xfonts-intl-chinese-big
    xfonts-intl-european
    xfonts-intl-japanese 
    xfonts-intl-japanese-big
    xfonts-intl-phonetic

  2. 要安裝Microsoft TrueType core fonts,讓msttcorefonts套件(請參閱添加程式文件以取得有關安裝額外程式的幫助)。

  3. 要安裝Ghostscript fonts,讓安裝 gsfonts-x11套件(請參閱添加程式文件以取得有關安裝額外程式的幫助)。

If you prefer to download individual fonts by hand, you can install them easily by opening Konqueror and typing fonts:/ into the location bar. Then you can install the font, either system-wide or for personal use by dragging and dropping into the respective folders.

Install Compiz Fusion

Compiz Fusion is a project that uses 3D graphics acceleration to bring new graphical effects and features to your desktop. The project resulted from the mergence of Compiz and Beryl (a previous project based on Compiz). This section describes how to install Compiz Fusion on Gutsy Gibbon.

Note

Before installing Compiz Fusion, you may need to check whether you have the correct drivers installed for your graphics card. Please refer to http://www.compiz.org/NVidia, http://www.compiz.org/ATI and http://www.compiz.org/Intel for information about nVidia, ATI and Intel graphics card drivers respectively.

  1. Go to KMenuSystemAdept Manager - Manage Packages (when prompted for a password at the Run as root - KDE su dialog, type in your password and press the OK button).

  2. Install the following packages:


    compiz-kde
    compiz-fusion-plugins-main
    compiz-fusion-plugins-extra
    compiz-config-settings-manager

  3. After the installation finishes, you can run Compiz Fusion by pressing Alt+F2 and typing the following at the Run Command dialog followed by pressing the OK button:

    compiz --replace
    

The following procedure describes how to configure Compiz Fusion to run at start-up.

  1. Go to ~/.kde/Autostart using Konqueror.

  2. Right click the content area and choose Create NewLink to Application. This opens a properties tabbed window.

  3. In the General tab, provide a descriptive name for the program e.g. Compiz-Fusion.

  4. Click the Application tab and type the following at the Command text box followed by pressing the OK button to finish and close the tabbed window:

    compiz --replace
    

    From now on, when you start KDE, Compiz Fusion should start up automatically.

To configure Compiz Fusion, go to K-MenuSettingsCompizConfig Settings Manager.

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