هذا الفصل فيه بعض النصائح حول إستخدام وتخصيص سطح المكتب.
The easiest way to run programs automatically when KDE starts is to use the Session Management feature of KDE. You can setup KDE exactly the way you'd like it to start every time you login.
Choose → → from the Advanced tab on the top and then under Advanced User Settings section. Click the Session Manager button on the right. Ensure that the Restore manually saved session checkbox is enabled.
Launch all the applications you want running everytime you log in. Once you have everything set to your satisfaction, click choose → . Every time you start KDE, you will return to this configuration.
Another method to do this is to copy the desktop entry of the application you
want to autostart from /usr/share/applications
to the
~/.kde/Autostart
directory.
يمكن أن يولج مستخدم آلياً حين يقلع الحاسوب. هذا غير مفضل لأغلبية الحواسب، لأن هذا ليس آمن وقد يتيح لمستخدمين آخرين النفاذ لمعلوماتك.
Go to System Settings by going to → . Under the Advanced tab select the Login Manager.
Click on the Administrator Mode... and enter your user password to gain administrator privileges.
Select the Convenience tab. Check the Enable Autologin and select the user to autologin from the drop down menu and select an appropriate time delay.
حفظ وإغلاق كل التطبيقات المفتوحة.
Press Ctrl+Alt+Backspace to restart KDE or X-Windows.
If Ctrl+Alt+Backspace is disabled, open Konsole by going to → → . At the command prompt type the following and press the Enter key (if asked for a password, type in your user password followed by the Enter key):
sudo /etc/init.d/kdm restart
(See القسم المسمى “Preventing the Ctrl-Alt-Backspace shortcut keys from restarting X” to disable Ctrl+Alt+Backspace.)
Make a backup copy of your existing /etc/X11/xorg.conf
file. To do so, open Konsole by going to
→ → . At the command prompt type the following and then press the
Enter key (if asked for a password, type in your user password
followed by the Enter key):
sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
Open /etc/X11/xorg.conf
for editing. To do so, press
Alt+F2 and at the
Run Command dialog type the following and then press the
OK key (if asked for a password, type in your user
password followed by pressing the OK button):
kdesu kwrite /etc/X11/xorg.conf
Add the following lines to the end of the file:
Section "ServerFlags" Option "DontZap" "yes" EndSection
حفظ الملف المحرر وإغلاق KWrite.
The change will take effect the next time you log in to KDE. If you want the change to take effect immediately, restart KDE manually. (See القسم المسمى “إعادة بدأ KDE دون إعادة إقلاع الحاسوب.”.)
Sometimes it can be useful to start a program manually, for example when the program does not have an entry in the menu. This is easy to do with the Run Command dialog.
Open the Run Command dialog by pressing Alt+F2
أدخل إسم البرنامج الذي تريد تنفيذه، وإظغط على الزر OK.
Open System Settings by going to → . In the System Settings window select the Keyboard & Mouse option.
Under the Keyboard section, locate the subsection titled NumLock on KDE Startup, enable the Turn On checkbox. Click on Apply to save your settings.
The change will take effect the next time you log in to KDE. If you want to test it right away, turn off NumLock and restart KDE (see القسم المسمى “إعادة بدأ KDE دون إعادة إقلاع الحاسوب.”).
Firefox is not installed by default so in order for this to work you will have had to previously installed Firefox. Please refer to the Adding Applications documentation for more information on installing applications.
Konqueror is able to handle help:/ URLs by default. Firefox is also able to handle these the same way however it requires you to manually edit the configuration of Firefox to do so. The following procedure will aide you in such configuration.
Start Firefox by choosing left → → .
In the address bar type about:config
and press the
Enter key.
→ . Type network.protocol-handler.external.help
as the
Preference Name and true
as the
Value. Press the OK button when
complete.
→ . Type
network.protocol-handler.app.help
as the
Preference Name and khelpcenter
as
the Value. Press the OK button when
complete.
Kubuntu comes with the KDE Menu Editor, so you can customize your menus and add entries for applications that don't automatically appear after they are installed. To add, remove, or modify an entry, refer to the following procedure.
Open KDE Menu Editor by
clicking on KMenu
and choosing . If you have locked your
Kicker, you can also open KDE Menu
Editor by pressing
Alt+F2 and typing
kmenuedit
followed by pressing the
OK button.
In KDE Menu Editor's left-hand pane, choose the submenu the new entry should appear in.
Choose → or press the New Item
button. In the New Item window, choose a
Name. Then add the Description,
Comment, and Command. Select the icon
by clicking on Icon. The Command will
usually be the package name, Name is what will appear on
the menu, and the Comment will appear in the tooltip that
appears near the menu entry. Icons are chosen from
/usr/share/icons/icon_theme
directory by default, or can be
chosen from anywhere in your files.
To change the order of menu entries, click and drag the entry in the KDE Menu Editor window.
SuperKaramba is a system for bringing mini programs (desklets) such as weather forecasts, news tickers, system information displays, or music player controls onto your desktop, where they are sitting there in a symbiotic relationship of eye candy and usefulness.
Install the superkaramba package. For more information on installing extra applications, please refer to the Adding Applications documentation.
Once installed, open SuperKaramba by going to → → .
To download extra applets for SuperKaramba you can either select the New Stuff... button in the main window or you can go to KDE-Look.org and select the Karamba link.
This section describes how to install extra fonts from the Kubuntu archives.
For international fonts, install the following packages (please refer to the Adding Applications documentation for help on installing extra applications):
xfonts-intl-arabic
xfonts-intl-asian
xfonts-intl-chinese
xfonts-intl-chinese-big
xfonts-intl-european
xfonts-intl-japanese
xfonts-intl-japanese-big
xfonts-intl-phonetic
For Microsoft TrueType core fonts, install the msttcorefonts package (please refer to the Adding Applications documentation for help on installing extra applications).
For Ghostscript fonts, install the gsfonts-x11 package (please refer to the Adding Applications documentation for help on installing extra applications).
If you prefer to download individual fonts by hand, you can install them easily
by opening Konqueror and typing
fonts:/
into the location bar. Then you can install the
font, either system-wide or for personal use by dragging and dropping into the
respective folders.
Compiz Fusion is a project that uses 3D graphics acceleration to bring new graphical effects and features to your desktop. The project resulted from the mergence of Compiz and Beryl (a previous project based on Compiz). This section describes how to install Compiz Fusion on Gutsy Gibbon.
Before installing Compiz Fusion, you may need to check whether you have the correct drivers installed for your graphics card. Please refer to http://www.compiz.org/NVidia, http://www.compiz.org/ATI and http://www.compiz.org/Intel for information about nVidia, ATI and Intel graphics card drivers respectively.
Go to → → (when prompted for a password at the Run as root - KDE su dialog, type in your password and press the OK button).
Install the following packages:
compiz-kde
compiz-fusion-plugins-main
compiz-fusion-plugins-extra
compiz-config-settings-manager
After the installation finishes, you can run Compiz Fusion by pressing Alt+F2 and typing the following at the Run Command dialog followed by pressing the OK button:
compiz --replace
The following procedure describes how to configure Compiz Fusion to run at start-up.
Go to ~/.kde/Autostart
using
Konqueror.
Right click the content area and choose → . This opens a properties tabbed window.
In the General tab, provide a descriptive name for the program e.g. Compiz-Fusion.
Click the Application tab and type the following at the Command text box followed by pressing the OK button to finish and close the tabbed window:
compiz --replace
From now on, when you start KDE, Compiz Fusion should start up automatically.
To configure Compiz Fusion, go to → → .